Pre-Establishment

• Soil pH & Nitrogen Nutrition of Legumes
• Soil pH & Herbicides
• Liming Practices
• Calcium & Magnesium
• Phosphorus & Potassium
• Manure
• Soil Testing and the Penn State Soil Testing Laboratory
• Summary

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Summary

In the pre-establishment phase the soil conditions must be adjusted to provide optimum soil fertility when the crop is established. Liming during the last year in corn and applying fertilizer and/or manure during the years preceding the forage seeding are important activities to build soil levels into the optimum to high range. A regular soil testing program plays a critical role in this process.